Tormach
Tormach Information
The Tormach PCNC 440 is a CNC, or computer numerically controlled, milling machine. Simple G-Code commands can be strung together into toolpaths, and the machine uses them to precisely remove material from a piece of stock, leaving behind the part that is desired.
- MakerSpace Orientation and Tormach Training are required to use this machine.
- Presently, the Tormach Training can be requested via email to tandon-makerspace@nyu.edu.
- Visit our Training Page to learn about our MakerSpace Orientation, other machines, and services available at the MakerSpace.
- It is recommended that you are comfortable using Fusion 360 (including CAM), have some experience with CNC machines, and know some basics about cutting metals before using this machine.
- After completing the basic Tormach Training, your NYU ID will be entered into the system to give you access to the machine.
- A member of MakerStaff must be present while you are using the machine until you are granted full access upon showing proficiency in operating the machine.
- Fusion 360 (Recommended for generating toolpaths) For Fusion or any other CAM software, use a post-processor designed for Tormach PathPilot.
- PathPilot (Embedded controller software)
- Setting an appropriate spindle RPM (speed) and tool movement rate (feed) is one of the most important considerations when machining.
- These depend on the material to be cut, cutting tool used, width of cut (WOC), depth of cut (DOC), and machine used (the Tormach in this case).
- Not sure where to start? Use data from the cutting tool's manufacturer when possible.
- Otherwise, select a WOC that is 5% to 25% of the tool's diameter, and DOC of up to 50% of the tool's diameter.
- Note: WOC goes by many names. Stepover, cut width, radial depth of cut, radial engagement, optimal load. So does DOC. Pass depth, Z passes, multiple depths, stepdown, etc.
- The actual feed and speed can be calculated using SFM and IPT data from the tool manufacturer, or use an online calculator like these: Simple Feed & Speed Calculator - Choose Milling or Drilling and then Material. Enter tool diameter and 10,000 as "machine max" spindle speed.
- The rest is calculated.
- Advanced Speed & Feed Calculator - Read the Instruction link at the top of the page, especially the 'Beginners - READ ME' section.
- The Tormach's max speed and HP should already be filled in at the top when using the URL in this link.
Table Size
- 18 in x 6.3 in
- (457mm x 160mm)
- 10 in x 6.25 in x 10 in
- (254mm x 159mm x 254mm)
- 300 - 10,000 RPM
Allowed Materials
(You must bring your own material to cut on the Tormach)
Consider the alloy and how machinable it is before buying material.
- Aluminum
- Brass
- Bronze
- Solid Copper
- Mild Steel
- Stainless Steel
- Titanium
- Most Plastics (consider Delrin)
- Alloy Guide (Speedy Metals)
- HSS Jobber Drills (TiN coated) - 1/16"-1/2" by 1/64" increment
- HSS Spot Drills - 1/4", 3/8", 1/2"
- HSS 2 Flute End Mills - 1/8", 3/16", 1/4", 5/16", 3/8"
- HSS 4 Flute End Mills - 1/8", 3/16", 1/4", 5/16", 3/8"
- Carbide 2 Flute End Mill (TiAlN coated) - 3/8"
- Carbide 4 Flute End Mill (TiAlN coated) - 3/8"
- These include tools available in the MakerSpace, and are programmed with feeds and speeds already.
- Be aware these speeds may need to be adjusted based on the actual composition of the material being cut.
- These can be imported into Fusion by right clicking on the 'Local' tool library -> Import Tool Library, or: How to import a cloud tool library.
- Some Fusion 360 Tool Libraries can be found here (Google Drive).
- MakerSpace Tool Library
- MakerSpace Fusion 360 CAM Guide
- Fusion 360 Tutorials
- NYC CNC (Fusion 360 & Tormach specific tutorials)
- Tormach G-Code Reference
- Guerilla Guide to CNC Machining & Moldmaking
- Using the rotary (MakerSpace Blog)
- Using an edge finder to find a hole center
- Guide on Tormach PCNC 440